Career Development Theory - Applying Career Development Theory to Counseling

Our world is constantly changing. What may be the usual or routine behavior one year may change the next. Knowing this, counselors and teachers often reexamine the need to of applying career development theory to counseling and fit it into modern times.

Individuals go through the process of career development to learn more about themselves and their career paths knowing a combination of the two leads them to know more about their identity in the cosmopolitan world.

Those who take continual education, join internships and apprenticeships, attend seminars and courses and continue research tend to succeed in their careers better than those who stop, or slow down the learning process after they begin a career. Businesses know and rely on this to stay ahead of other companies.

Career Development Theory - Applying Career Development Theory to Counseling

One early career development theory focused on stages concerning the adolescent phase, the preteen through teen phase, and young adulthood.

The adolescent phase is the phase where the world is opening up to the child. "What do I want to be when I grow up" is thought of, but isn't important. For instance, one adolescent may pretend to be a dancer, while at the same time she wants to be a doctor, a scientist, a veterinarian, and an artist. She is too young yet to know if she will want to follow these career choices later in life.

In the preteen to teen phase of this career development theory, the individual starts to be inclined towards what she likes to do. What areas she excels at and finds useful. The female child in the earlier example has only a passing interest in dancing and art. Her activities and knowledge begins to lean towards science and health while preferring to study the ins and outs of domestic animals.

This is when she considers research and classes she will need to continue in these fields. Through the career development theory we see she is starting to think more about what she wants to be when she grows up.

The final step in this career development theory is the individual's preferences, likes and dislikes that lead her to the career she eventually chooses. In this example, the female decides she would rather work more with animals than people and chooses to become a veterinarian. She now needs to go beyond high school, take required courses, and train with professionals in order to take on her career goal.

Teachers and experts can apply the career development theory to counseling when dealing with the growth and development of a child. They can advise and monitor how a child behaves and the potential of what they were to become when they get older.

Career Development Theory - Applying Career Development Theory to Counseling
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Which Fish to Eat to Obtain the Best Health Benefits and the Least Environmental Contaminants

Seventy five years ago, long chain polyunsaturated oils (PUFA also known as polyunsaturated oils) were added to the list of essential nutrients. Since then there have been many publications reporting low rates of death from coronary heart disease (CHD) among Greenland Eskimos due to fish consumption. Today, fish is considered a health food. Now, we all know the importance of eating fish to obtain the daily and much needed omega-3 oils into our modern day diets not only in the prevention of CHD but also in preventing sudden death from this disease.

The omega-3 polyunsaturated oils: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA also known as 20:5 omega-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA also known as 22:6 omega-3) found in fish are linked with optimal brain function, cognition, and improved eye and skin health. Some studies, furthermore, show that although some omega-3 oils may be protective against certain cancers and may have a therapeutic effect on depression and specific autoimmune diseases including lupus erythematosis, psoriasis, and arthritis yet other omega-3 oils derived from certain other sources can actually increase the risk of certain types of cancers. This is because the omega 3 oils obtained from vegetable origin (α-linolenic acid) is a precursor of long chain polyunsaturated omega-3 as found in fish and the endogenous conversion of α-linolenic acid in the human body to EPA and DHA is limited and inefficient. Therefore the source of omega-3 fatty acid can influence a disease outcome.

When comparing different types of fish, lower risk appears more strongly related to intake of oily or fatty fish (salmon, herring, sardines, mackerel), rather than lean fish (cod, catfish, halibut). Some common fish that contains high levels of omega-3 per serving of 100g (about a 4 oz.) are:

Which Fish to Eat to Obtain the Best Health Benefits and the Least Environmental Contaminants

1. Atlantic Mackerel - 2.45g

2. Chinook Salmon - 2.09g

3. Pacific Sardines - 1.87g

4. Atlantic Herring - 1.67g

5. Tuna - 1.57g

6. European Anchovies - 1.44g

White fish also contains omega-3 fish oils although at much lower levels than the ones mentioned above.

There are many other benefits that can be obtained by eating fish. Fatty fish also contains Vitamin D and selenium. One scientific study suggest that the beneficial effects of omega-3 oils particularly on stroke and CHD, may be due to vitamin D or selenium, or additional components of fish other than omega-3 oils. This study does however, pool the omega 3 oils obtained from vegetable origin (α-linolenic acid) and fish omega-3 oils when doing the comparison between omega-3 with vitamin D or selenium and this may have distorted the final analysis.

Vitamin D has gained increasing recognition for reducing the risk of many chronic and infectious diseases and mortality rates especially from epidemiological studies. Vitamin D inadequacy is common worldwide and classically causes osteomalacia and rickets. More recently, the contribution of low vitamin D status to increased falls and fracture risk has become appreciated. Now, Vitamin D is the current wonder compound. One recent study indicates that high vitamin D status appears to correlate to reduced risk of several cancers, including colorectal cancer. Recently, interest has also extended to studying vitamin D's benefits for the brain. Low vitamin D status is being potentially associated with a multitude of conditions (including Alzheimer disease, osteoarthritis, multiple sclerosis, and hypertension) and higher overall mortality. Consuming fish is inversely correlated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) prevalence and a 2010 review also describes how Vitamin D deficiency may be a cause for autism.

The two major naturally relevant forms of Vitamin D are vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). Synthetic Vitamin D is D2 yet these supplements do not necessarily work in reducing deficiency. It is the naturally occurring vitamin D that is by far the most widely used form for correcting vitamin D deficiency. Research also indicates that omega-3 fats may also be better absorbed from food than supplements. Selenium is also one of those minerals that cannot be added to our food once it has been processed. Taking these into consideration, it would seem that the best way of obtaining omega 3, vitamin D and selenium might be from the natural source especially from fish. This statement is further strengthened by a recent study where low intake of fish, polyunsaturated oils (PUFA) and vitamin D deficiency has been suggested to play a role in the development of schizophrenia. This was a huge study with more than 33,000 subjects (although it was self-assessment questionnaire), so the outcomes are more relevant. Fish is necessary as part of our healthy diet, there is no doubt about that.

Government policy documents and health professional organizations recommend we eat more fish. We should be aiming to eat at least two portions and up to four portions of fish per week, one of which should be oily. Conversely, there are many of us who worry about what else we may be eating with our fish. It is true that most fish will contain some mercury or PCBs or both or other environmental contaminants, just like any of the other food we consume. These contaminants build up in the fatty tissues of fish and other animals and by frequent consumption of this contaminated food they accumulate in your body over time and may result in health problems, ranging from small, hard-to-detect changes to birth defects and cancer. Environmental contaminants such mercury, lead, arsenic, PCBs and dioxins, brominated flame retardants, arsenic, lead, cadmium, and other organic and inorganic contaminants are inadvertently present in a wide variety of our food. These environmental contaminants are discussed more in detail in our book "Is Your Food Killing You?"

Mercury is one of the main concerns of a contaminant found in fish. Mercury is a reactive heavy metal emitted from natural sources (volcanoes) and human sources (coal-fired electric power plants, gold mining, institutional boilers, chlorine production, and waste incineration). From the atmosphere, mercury cycles from rainwater into lakes and oceans, where it is converted by bacteria into methylmercury. Inorganic mercury is poorly absorbed following ingestion, and elemental mercury does not readily cross tissue barriers. In contrast, methylmercury is readily absorbed and actively transported into tissues. Fish therefore absorb methylmercury mostly from their food, but also from the water as it passes over their gills. Concentrations of methylmercury in aquatic species depend on levels of environmental contamination and on the type of fish. Generally, larger, older predators (e.g., swordfish, shark) have higher tissue concentrations, while smaller or younger, shorter lived species (e.g., shellfish, salmon) have very low concentrations. In addition, the large predatory fish near the top of marine food chains are more likely to have high levels of mercury than fish lower in marine food chains due to the process of biomagnifications. Since methylmercury binds to proteins, it is found throughout fish tissue, including muscle tissue that makes up fish steaks and fillets. Fish can also absorb organic chemicals (such as PCBs, dioxins and DDT) from the water, suspended sediments, and their food.

In humans, health effects of very high mercury exposure following occupational or industrial accidents include paresthesias, ataxia, and sensory abnormalities in adults, and delayed cognitive and neuromuscular development following exposure to the unborn child. Health effects of chronic low level mercury exposure seen with fish consumption are less well established. The public is aware of the potential harm from mercury in fish but lacks clear understanding of who is at risk or which seafood species contain mercury. Adult men, and women who are not planning to become pregnant, are less at risk from mercury exposure than children. Methylmercury crosses the placenta, and foetal exposure correlates with maternal exposure. Methylmercury is a neurotoxicant and high exposures over long periods of time may adversely affect the developing foetal brain and central nervous system. It can take 5 years or more for women in their childbearing years to rid their bodies of PCBs, and 12-18 months to significantly reduce their mercury levels.

Recent work shows public confusion about the benefits of fish, challenged by the evidence of mercury and other contaminants in fish, resulting in controversy and confusion over the role of fish consumption in a healthy diet. The low levels of pollutants in oily fish that can build up in our bodies, pregnant and breastfeeding women, girls and women who one day may have a baby are advised not to eat more than two portions of oily fish a week. Mothers who consume contaminated fish before becoming pregnant are said to have children who are slower to develop and learn yet the fact is, that high maternal seafood consumption of the type known to be contaminated with mercury, has been associated with fewer - not more - autistic markers in the offspring. With the bulk of messages about fish consumption focused on risk, the benefits may be lost to consumers. Yet no such warning is given to these vulnerable groups when contaminants such as mercury are found in high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), which is used as a sugar additive in a wide variety of the processed foods we consume.

One study done in 2006, gives a good overview of the levels of omega-3 oils and contaminants in commonly consumed fish, shellfish, and other foods (see Table 2). From this it is obvious that some fishes have more contaminants than others and this will also depend not just on the type of fish but also where it has been raised or farmed. Some fish and vegetable oils have more omega-6 (Linoleic acid) polyunsaturated fatty acid. For instance, tilapia has a much higher content of omega-6 than omega-3 oils yet most of us will think we are getting a good source of omega-3 by eating tilapia! Although omega-6 oils are required by the body, current evidences suggest that it is the ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 is that is crucial in preventing disease and cancer.

Our modern day diet consists of too much of the omega-6 oils even in foods that we may think are natural. Take something as simple as eggs: feeding hen with one type of feed may produce eggs with a particular ratio of omega-6: omega-3. Supermarket eggs have a 20:1 ratio whereas range-fed eggs have a 1.5:1 ratio of omega-6: omega-3. When you see eggs or any other products on supermarket shelves that state these have been enriched with omega-3, all it means is that there is slightly more omega-3 in these products but there is still a high amount of omega-6! Meat from grass-fed animals has two to four times more omega-3 oils than meat from grain- fed animals. One recent publication, showed that a 35% fat diet with an omega-6: omega-3 ratio of 28:1 caused obesity that progressively increased over four generations of mice. Although most studies like this have their own flaws, they nevertheless together suggest that an imbalance of these PUFA is capable of causing obesity in mice that worsens over several generations.

The half-life of omega-6 in fat tissue is about two years, so reducing it is a long-term prospect. Our advice has been to eat fish to obtain the essential omega-3 oils. Also, consider choosing a wider variety as this will not only help maintain a balanced omega-6: omega-3 ratio but will help reduce the environmental impact. Young children are advised to avoid some types of fish, such as shark, swordfish, king mackerel, or tilefish, and to eat up to 12 ounces per week of fish and shellfish that are lower in mercury, such as shrimp, canned light tuna, salmon, pollock, and catfish.

The list below shows the amount of various types of fish that a woman who is pregnant or planning to become pregnant can safely eat. Small children should reduce portion sizes.

Fish that contains least mercury (less than 0.09 parts per million) are:

Anchovies

Herring

Mackerel (North Atlantic, Chub)

Salmon (Fresh wild)

Sardines

Depending on where you live, you can enjoy at least one of these omega-3 rich fish at least 2 times a week. If you live in the Atlantic, the Atlantic Mackerel would be the best choice as it provides the highest omega-3 fish oil and the lowest mercury levels and hardly any PCBs. Wild Alaskan Salmon has hardly any mercury but has higher levels of PCBs.

Fish with high amount of mercury (0.3 to 0.49 parts per million) are:

Mackerel (Spanish, Gulf)

Tuna (Canned Albacore)

Tuna (Yellowfin)

Of these fish, eat three servings or less per month

If trying to avoid contaminants from fish, then avoid these fish: (mercury levels of more than 0.5 parts per million)

Mackerel (King)

Tuna (Bigeye, Ahi)*

Farmed salmon

A more in-depth analysis of mercury and other contaminants in fish is available here. Also remember that cooking can alter the omega-3 content in your fish depending on how which method you choose to cook your fish. More about the cooking process is covered in our book.

In conclusion, if you are worried about mercury and PCB or other contaminants, it is not just from the fish source that you should be worried about. Mercury (along with aluminium and residual formaldehyde, all of which are nasty compounds) can be found in vaccines such as in tetanus and diphtheria toxoids. In our article entitled "Environmental exposures and Cancer risk", we show that environmental pollutions can be found in the foods we consume daily! Reduce the intake of these foods instead if you are worried about eating contaminated foods! Gain the benefits of omega 3 from fish by eating the right kinds of fish and cooking it correctly.

Which Fish to Eat to Obtain the Best Health Benefits and the Least Environmental Contaminants
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Our book "Is your Food Killing You?" goes into more detail on how and why your food causes Cancer and Diseases and much more. We pride ourselves on giving you the whole picture and all the facts not just the shocking headlines without any substance behind it. If you want to know more about how your food affects your health then visit Food Myths Busted [http://foodmythsbusted.com/blog]. Find out what the Food and Medical industry does not want you to know as well as why the Government is in on all of this you deserve to know the truth about the food you consume.

Your health and well being is our concern should it not be yours?

Folic Acid Benefits - Learn All You Need to Get the True Folic Acid Benefits

Folic acid is one of the B vitamins and it is necessary for the production of red blood cells and normal metabolism. It is an important vitamin for pregnant women as it can prevent the occurrence of birth defects and prevents infant spinal cord defects - for example Spina bifida.

Folic acid may also help other conditions such as depression, schizophrenia, arthrosclerosis, heart disease, and diarrhea. It can also be helpful in treating epilepsy gingivitis, gout, and cancer - the risk of getting it is reduced.

Folic Acid Benefits

Folic Acid Benefits - Learn All You Need to Get the True Folic Acid Benefits

One of the best benefits of Folic Acid is for women who are trying to fall pregnant, and those who are pregnant. Folic Acid helps with the healthy development of the fetus, and can help to prevent conditions such as spina bifida and other neural tube defects that are known as devastating conditions.

To be honest, folic acid benefits go much further than just pregnancy. Folic Acid helps with keeping your heart healthy. The nutrient helps lower homocysteine levels; having high homocysteine impairs blood vessels, which, results in the arteries being vulnerable to the formation of plaque.

This can lead to a higher risk of one getting heart disease. It also known that, people who have trouble with depression, may find folic acid helpful because depression is associated with raised levels of homocysteine.

Further Folic Acid benefits in clued a feeling of energy, and it is known that this nutrient may help counter and combat Alzheimer's disease.

Precautions

Folic acid can have some serious side effects if to much is taken every day. Dangerous levels of consumption are between 5,000 to 10,000 mcg. The RDA (Recommended Daily Allowance) stands at 400 mcg per day, however certain people (especially pregnant women, those trying to conceive and the elderly) may need more of this particular nutrient in their diets.

Another point people need to consider is that taking Folic Acidi as a supplement can hide serious deficiency symptoms of vitamin B12 (anemia). Take a look at this we came cross in the following encyclopedia "New Encyclopedia Vitamins, Minerals, Supplements, & Herbs" by Nicola Reavley "Large amounts of folic acid can mask anemia caused by Vitamin B12 deficiency. Although this is rare, in some cases it may lead to permanent nerve damage." pg. 108

Because of this statement, the author of the book advises that people with anemia should not take more than 400 mcg of folic acid per day unless pernicious amenia is first ruled out by your doctor.
Some people suggest that Folic Acid should not be consumed as a stand alone supplement and taken with vitamin B12 or as part of a more comprehensive formula where not only b12 are used, but other important vitamins, minerals, herbs, and amino acids.

Lets take a look at an example from, Reader's Digest book "The Healing Power of Vitamins, Minerals, and Herbs" contains: Buy a folic acid supplement that also contains vitamin B12 (too much of one can mask a deficiency in the other)." pg 293

A deficiency of folic acid could cause some Anemias. The side effects of Folic Acid are rare and are normally due to taking high dosages of the nutrient. If any change occurs after starting a regimen of folic acid, contact your physician immediately. If necessary, go to an emergency facility for evaluation.

Precautions and allergic reactions from Folic Acid

Allergic reactions however, can be serious. Some signs of severe allergic reactions include rash, itching, swelling, dizziness, and breathing difficulties. If you note anything that is not usual for you, seek medical attention right away.

Pregnant women and breast feeding mothers should consult their doctors before using this nutrient.

In recent news, reported is a unique piece of information that has been put out there that may be of interest to women who want to get pregnant. Folic acid, when taken after fertility treatment (invitro fertilization) may raise the odds of producing twins. While this is possible with other fertility treatments, it has been recently found to occur with folic acid.

Our Opinion

We believe many vitamins are best consumed through food sources; however, Folic Acid is not one of these nutrients. The nutrient is easily destroyed and the value of the nutrient is lessened by cooking or storage. On top of this, the human body doesn't store the nutrient for very long. This is why we need to take this nutrient daily to keep on top. Because of what we have said, many experts suggest that supplements should be incorporated in to ones diet for one of the best sources of folic acid benefits, and also, for those people who need more of this nutrient.

There are still good food sources for Folic Acid however, which include, whole grains, various beans, and green vegetables.

On a final note, many foods today are fortified with this vitamin, although they are not the best sources and are far from natural sources.

Our Tips For Obtaining The Best Folic Acid Benefits

1. Nutritional have become unregulated. Studies have shown that consumers of health products only have a 1 in 5 chance of buying a product with the amount of ingredients stated on the label. Also, Products have been found to have dangerous contaminates in them.

Because of this, you should choose a manufacturer that is pharmaceutical GMP compliant. Such places comply with the most stringent manufacturing standards. This ensures you get a product with the stated ingredients, and also, ensures that there are no contaminants within your chosen product

Folic Acid Benefits - Learn All You Need to Get the True Folic Acid Benefits
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The product we personally use called Total Balance, which also contains Folic Acid - http://www.natural-nutritional-health-supplement.com is the best supplement we have come across. We have been using this supplement for over 3 years with excellent health results.

We highly reccomend you learn more about our best natural nutritional supplement if you are interested in improving your overall health.

John Gibb runs a series of health websites, We offer a free health book for subscribers to our websites newsletter. We cover everything you need to know on nutrition and how to improve your general overall health. Check out our nutrition e-book, for more information on our nutrition book.

Download Creative Zen Software - Software For Your Zen

Looking to Download Creative Zen software? Read this before going any further. You can find Creative Zen software download sites in basically three variations. You can download free Creative Zen software, you can pay per Zen download, and you can get unlimited Creative Zen software downloads, Yes you can download all the Creative Zen software, movie, music, and videos you want, but be very careful when you are because everything is not as it seems.

Creative Zen Software Download - Free Zen Downloads

So I guess you're thinking "What's the problem with free Creative Zen software download?" The problem is most of the websites that offer free Creative Zen software download are infested with spyware and pop-ups will surely harm your computer. Can you imagine what happens when your identity is stolen? If your computer gets infected with adware and spyware then you better shut everything down and get someone to fix it. Yes the files you downloaded are free, however, your identity and financial information could have been stolen, or your computer hacked. It can be very costly to repair these sorts of damages. So it is strongly recommended to stay away from these sites that claim you can download Creative Zen software for free.

Download Creative Zen Software - Software For Your Zen

Creative Zen Software Download - Pay Per Download

Pay per download is an option you may want to look into if you are just planning to download a couple of cool songs that you recently heard in the shower, on the radio. However, if you are looking to download more than a few songs, or mp3's, this will quickly get very heavy on the pocket book. Besides, there are not many solid pay per click Creative Zen software download sites available to choose from. If you are planning to download Creative Zen software, movies, or videos, this option is pretty much out of the question.

Unlimited Lifetime Creative Zen Software Downloads

This option comes highly recommended. You pay a onetime membership fee, and in turn you get a lifetime of unlimited Creative Zen software downloads for your Zen player. Amazing! A simple onetime charge at about for membership, and you get unlimited access for a lifetime, not only to music, you also get video files, music files, games, TV shows, movies and other Creative Zen software to download. Since you have a paid membership, the files are safe to download. If you sign-up to be a member, all of your Creative Zen software downloads will be free for a lifetime. I don't think I need to tell you about the savings of this type of deal. You will save a lot of money versus pay per download, and you will be able to finally fully appreciate the capabilities of your Creative Zen player.

There are over five million active users with a paid membership on Creative Zen software download sites and right now they are enjoying their unlimited Creative Zen software downloads. There are over three hundred million files being shared this very moment.

Download Creative Zen Software - Software For Your Zen
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For a list of the best Creative Zen software download sites check out http://www.CreativeZenDownloads.com

Steve Somerton writes informative articles on various subjects including Download Creative Zen Software – Software For Your Zen. You are allowed to publish this article in its entirety provided that author’s name, bio and website links must remain intact and included with every reproduction.

How to Fix Runtime Error 216 and Prevent Subseven Trojan Virus

According to Microsoft's website, a runtime error 216 is indicative of a Subseven Trojan virus. Runtime error 216 usually occurs on a pre-Vista version of Windows, locking up the machine, interrupting programs, and forcing reboots.

What is the Subseven Trojan Virus?

The Subseven Trojan is one of the most popular public-access viruses known.

How to Fix Runtime Error 216 and Prevent Subseven Trojan Virus

The infection usually comes from the user unwittingly downloading the virus from email attachments. As a rule, always scan files for infection before opening and downloading them.

When the.exe is run, the backdoor copies to the Windows directory, usually under the names "SERVER.EXE, KERNEL16.DL, RUNDLL16.COM, SYSTEMTRAYICON!.EXE or WINDOW.EXE".

Then it unpacks "WATCHING.DLL" to your Windows system directory.

After it's done that, it will patch your Windows registry to run on bootup. Then it modifies registry keys.

What Does Subseven Do?

The virus is capable of a number of things. Namely, it allows a third party to access your information, such as log keystrokes and take screenshots of your workstation.

Here are some of the things that the virus will do to you:

o Monitor and log your online activity (particularly email, purchases, and chat)
o Slow down your downloads
o Reboot Windows
o Disable your antivirus and firewalls
o Download files without your permission
o Log Keystrokes
o Open an FTP server on the infected PC

As you can see, Subseven infection is a very serious problem. It essentially gives full control of your computer to a third party hacker.

Delete Subseven Trojan with Updated Antivirus Software

This virus can be tricky to delete because it essentially morphs as every "user" tends to tweak it during use.

First, you'll want to disconnect your computer from the internet. This should prevent interference from the hacker. Boot your PC in Safe Mode.

Be certain that your antivirus programs are updated and geared toward specifically deleting this Trojan infection. Run a deep scan on your PC. It might take a few scans or you even might have to use different software. As I said before, this virus can be difficult to find and hard to remove.

Once you are certain you have found and removed the malicious software, I suggest defragging your computer, following that with a registry cleaner.

For more information on viruses, runtime error 216, and registry errors, check out this website for all your troubleshooting needs.

How to Fix Runtime Error 216 and Prevent Subseven Trojan Virus
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Appropriate Gall Bladder Diet Can Prevent Complications

Many people suffer from gall bladder disease as a consequence of inappropriate diet. The disease has a high incidence in people with overweight problems and the consumption of fat-rich foods is considered to be the main cause of gall bladder disorders. Women, people with ages over 50, people with gastro-intestinal disorders, people with diabetes and people with high blood cholesterol levels are very likely to develop gall bladder disease. A good gall bladder diet can ameliorate the symptoms of gall bladder disease and can also prevent the occurrence of complications.

Inappropriate diet leads to the formation of gallstones, which block the bile ducts and interfere in the normal activity of the gall bladder. The gall bladder is an organ that assists the liver in the digestion of fat. The gall bladder stores the bile produced by the liver and releases it when it is needed in the process of digestion. Gallstones are formed when cholesterol, calcium and bile salts accumulate inside the gall bladder, causing inflammation, swelling and pain. In some cases, gall bladder disease can even involve bacterial infection. Gall bladder disease can lead to serious complications and sometimes requires surgical intervention. Gallstones can cause cholecystitis (inflammation and swelling of the gall bladder), choledocholithiasis (occurs when gallstones accumulate inside the bile duct) cholangitis (infection of the gall bladder and bile duct) and pancreatitis.

An appropriate gall bladder diet can't eliminate large gallstones, but it can facilitate the elimination of smaller gallstones. Also, a good gall bladder diet prevents the formation of new gallstones inside the gall bladder or bile ducts. By restricting fat intake, an appropriate gall bladder diet can ameliorate the symptoms of gall bladder disease (pain attacks, indigestion, nausea, vomiting and abdominal bloating).

Appropriate Gall Bladder Diet Can Prevent Complications

A healthy gall bladder diet should exclude foods that are rich in saturated fat: meats (pork, ribs, bacon, sausages, salami) and dairy products (cheese, milk). It is best to introduce soy replacements of these foods in your gall bladder diet: (tofu, soy milk). Replace fast food with home-cooked meals and stay away from processed and fried foods. Don't eat large amounts of food at a single meal. It is best to eat 4-5 small meals a day and avoid late meals. Meals right before bed time can trigger serious pain attacks.

Some foods are considered to be allergenic to most people with gall bladder disease. Exclude from your gall bladder diet the following foods: eggs, cheese, high-fat milk, citrus fruits, coffee, chocolate, carbonated soda.

A fiber-rich gall bladder diet can get rid of small gallstones and helps the process of digestion. Eat plenty of green vegetables and fresh fruits, as they are rich in natural fibers and a good source of vitamins and minerals. Also include foods that contain starch in your gall bladder diet, as they can also help in eliminating gallstones. Eat plenty of cereals, wheat products, rice and potatoes. Natural bile salts and omega 3 fish oil capsules can help the digestion and absorption of fat, also reducing blood cholesterol. An appropriate gall bladder diet should include plenty of fluids. By drinking at least 2 liters of pure water a day, you will help the body eliminate excess cholesterol and gallstones. An appropriate gall bladder diet can prevent the occurrence of complications and can ameliorate the symptoms of gall bladder disease in time.

Appropriate Gall Bladder Diet Can Prevent Complications
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So, if you want to find out more about gall bladder diet and especially about gall bladder surgery we recommend you these links. You will find one of the bests informational websites about gall bladder.

Electronic Keyboards - Their History and Development

The term "electronic keyboard" refers to any instrument that produces sound by the pressing or striking of keys, and uses electricity, in some way, to facilitate the creation of that sound. The use of an electronic keyboard to produce music follows an inevitable evolutionary line from the very first musical keyboard instruments, the pipe organ, clavichord, and harpsichord. The pipe organ is the oldest of these, initially developed by the Romans in the 3rd century B.C., and called the hydraulis. The hydraulis produced sound by forcing air through reed pipes, and was powered by means of a manual water pump or a natural water source such as a waterfall.

From it's first manifestation in ancient Rome until the 14th century, the organ remained the only keyboard instrument. It often did not feature a keyboard at all, instead utilizing large levers or buttons that were operated by using the whole hand.

The subsequent appearance of the clavichord and harpsichord in the 1300's was accelerated by the standardization of the 12-tone keyboard of white natural keys and black sharp/flat keys found in all keyboard instruments of today. The popularity of the clavichord and harpsichord was eventually eclipsed by the development and widespread adoption of the piano in the 18th century. The piano was a revolutionary advancement in acoustic musical keyboards because a pianist could vary the volume (or dynamics) of the sound the instrument produced by varying the force with which each key was struck.

Electronic Keyboards - Their History and Development

The emergence of electronic sound technology in the 18th century was the next essential step in the development of the modern electronic keyboard. The first electrified musical instrument was thought to be the Denis d'or (built by Vaclav Prokop Dovis), dating from about 1753. This was shortly followed by the "clavecin electrique" invented by Jean Baptiste Thillaie de Laborde around 1760. The former instrument consisted of over 700 strings temporarily electrified to enhance their sonic qualities. The later was a keyboard instrument featuring plectra, or picks, that were activated electrically.

While being electrified, neither the Denis d'or or the clavecin used electricity as a sound source. In 1876, Elisha Gray invented such an instrument called the "musical telegraph.," which was, essentially, the very first analog electronic synthesizer. Gray discovered that he could control sound from a self-vibrating electromagnetic circuit, and so invented a basic single note oscillator. His musical telegraph created sounds from the electromagnetic oscillation of steel reeds and transmitted them over a telephone line. Grey went on to incorporate a simple loudspeaker into his later models which consisted of a diaphragm vibrating in a magnetic field, making the tone oscillator audible.

Lee De Forrest, the self-styled "Father Of Radio," was the next major contributor to the development of the electronic keyboard. In 1906 he invented the triode electronic valve or "audion valve." The audion valve was the first thermionic valve or "vacuum tube," and De Forrest built the first vacuum tube instrument, the "Audion Piano," in 1915. The vacuum tube became an essential component of electronic instruments for the next 50 years until the emergence and widespread adoption of transistor technology.

The decade of the 1920's brought a wealth of new electronic instruments onto the scene including the Theremin, the Ondes Martenot, and the Trautonium.

The next major breakthrough in the history of electronic keyboards came in 1935 with the introduction of the Hammond Organ. The Hammond was the first electronic instrument capable of producing polyphonic sounds, and remained so until the invention of the Chamberlin Music Maker, and the Mellotron in the late 1940's and early 1950's. The Chamberlin and the Mellotron were the first ever sample-playback keyboards intended for making music.

The electronic piano made it's first appearance in the 1940's with the "Pre-Piano" by Rhodes (later Fender Rhodes). This was a three and a half octave instrument made from 1946 until 1948 that came equipped with self-amplification. In 1955 the Wurlitzer Company debuted their first electric piano, "The 100."

The rise of music synthesizers in the 1960's gave a powerful push to the evolution of the electronic musical keyboards we have today. The first synthesizers were extremely large, unwieldy machines used only in recording studios. The technological advancements and proliferation of miniaturized solid state components soon allowed the production of synthesizers that were self-contained, portable instruments capable of being used in live performances.

This began in 1964 when Bob Moog produced his "Moog Synthesizer." Lacking a keyboard, the Moog Synthesizer was not truly an electronic keyboard. Then, in 1970, Moog debuted his "Minimoog," a non-modular synthesizer with a built-in keyboard, and this instrument further standardized the design of electronic musical keyboards.

Most early analog synthesizers, such as the Minimoog and the Roland SH-100, were monophonic, capable of producing only one tone at a time. A few, such as the EML 101, ARP Odyssey, and the Moog Sonic Six, could produce two different tones at once when two keys were pressed. True polyphony (the production of multiple simultaneous tones which allow for the playing of chords) was only obtainable, at first, using electronic organ designs. There were a number of electronic keyboards produced which combined organ circuits with synthesizer processing. These included Moog's Polymoog, Opus 3, and the ARP Omni.

By 1976, additional design advancements had allowed the appearance of polyphonic synthesizers such as the Oberheim Four-Voice, and the Yamaha series CS-50, CS-60, and CS-80. The first truly practical polyphonic synth, introduced in 1977, was the Sequential Circuits Prophet-5. This instrument was the first to use a microprocessor as a controller, and also allowed all knob settings to be saved in computer memory and recalled by simply pushing a button. The Prophet-5's design soon became the new standard in the electronic keyboards industry.

The adoption of Musical Instrumental Digital Interface (MIDI) as the standard for digital code transmission (allowing electronic keyboards to be connected into computers and other devices for input and programming), and the ongoing digital technological revolution have produced tremendous advancements in all aspects of electronic keyboard design, construction, function, sound quality, and cost. Today's manufactures, such as Casio, Yamaha, Korg, Rolland, and Kurzweil, are now producing an abundance of well-built, lightweight, versatile, great sounding, and affordable electronic keyboard musical instruments and will continue to do so well into the foreseeable future.

Electronic Keyboards - Their History and Development
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Preston Champion is an Internet researcher and consumer product and services reviewer. He is also a musician and a music industry professional.

Preston provides unbiased, informative product reviews of many of the most popular and best selling electronic keyboards on the market on his web site: http://electronickeyboardsreview.com.